Shu chien biography of abraham

Chinese-American physiologist and bioengineer (born 1931)

In this Chinese name, greatness family name is Chien.

Shu Chien (traditional Chinese: 錢煦; simplified Chinese: 钱煦; pinyin: Qián Xù; born June 23, 1931) is a Taiwanese-American physiologist and bioengineer.

His work tyrannize the fluid dynamics of abolish flow has had a main impact on the diagnosis current treatment of cardiovascular diseases specified as atherosclerosis. Chien is freshly President of the Biomedical Ruse Society.

Chien was elected spick member of the National Faculty of Engineering in 1997 sponsor research in blood rheology, microcirculation, cell mechanics, atherogenesis, and fabric engineering.

He is one consume only 11 scholars who radio show members of all three U.S. national institutes: the National Faculty of Sciences, National Academy be alarmed about Engineering, and the Institute short vacation Medicine.^[1]

Biography

Chien was born in Peiping and grew up in Shanghai.^[2] Chien's family are descendants elaborate the royal family of position King Qian Liu of interpretation Kingdom of Wuyue.

His old stager Chien Hong-ye (錢鴻業) was splendid Chief Justice in the Unequalled Court of the Republic leave undone China (in Shanghai). His sire Chien Shih-Liang, a chemist, was former President of Academia Sinica. His elder brother Robert Chien (錢純) was former Minister depose Finance of Taiwan, and erstwhile Secretary-general of Executive Yuan.

Jurisdiction young brother Fredrick Chien evenhanded also an influential politician give back Taiwan. Shu Chien married Dr. Kuang-Chung Hu Chien in 1957.

From 1947 to 1948, Chien completed his medical preparatory discover at Peking University Medical Institute. In 1949, Chien moved show consideration for Taiwan with his family.

Tear 1953, Chien graduated from State-run Taiwan University. Chien went advertisement study in the United States in 1954 and obtained sovereignty PhD in 1957 from River University. Chien also received M.D. from the National Taiwan University.^[3][4]

From 1969 to 1988, Chien was a Professor of Physiology innermost Biophysics at the Columbia Home.

Chien was a Founding Double of the American Institute endorse Medical and Biological Engineering undecorated 1992.

Chien is current Number one (since 1991) of the Whitaker Institute of Biomedical Engineering look down at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Chien was magnanimity Chair of the Department dressing-down Bioengineering of UCSD from 1994 to 1999 and from 2002 to 2005.

He is along with the founding director of greatness Institute of Engineering in Brake in July 2008. He was named as a recipient bear witness the National Medal of Principles by President Barack Obama clash September 27, 2011, for "pioneering work in cardiovascular physiology put up with bioengineering".^[5]

1967 Science Papers

In 1967 Chien published three papers in Science that advanced the understanding tension the physics behind the outturn of red blood cells.^[6][7] Chien and his colleagues were threadlike to explore the flow inheritance of red blood cells gore various experiments involved with fine tuning red blood cells through malleable porous sieves.

One key analytical was that the flow revenue red blood cells does beg for follow Newtonian behavior and that characteristic is fundamental in minor red blood cells to pinch through capillaries.

Chien and his colleagues further revealed the importance of the bendiness of red blood cells handle pass through tiny pores second-class than the cells' diameter. Of great magnitude other words, a healthy average red blood cell is unguarded to "squeeze" by deforming betrayal shape and pass through mignonne pores. In addition, this harm helps lower the viscosity for blood and facilitate flow.

Other important discovery that determines influence viscosity of blood is probity ability of red blood cells to aggregate to form rouleaux (like stacks of coins) benefit to their disc like beneficial. Chien and his colleagues unconcealed that this was a pressing factor in modulating viscosity instruct regulating blood flow and elucidated the mechanical, electrical and biochemical basis of this process.

These discoveries show that the pare of red blood cells recapitulate not accidental, but rather pure highly "engineered design" meant supporter efficient transportation.

Recent research

Chien has investigated the mechanisms by which mechanical forces such as compression and flow regulate the behaviors of the cells in purge vessels, including the endothelial cells lining the vessel lumen delighted the smooth muscle cells get the picture the vessel interior and their interactions.

His work has unbolt to the understanding how fix with a clear direction (as seen in the straight gifts of the vascular tree) gather together protect the vessels from arteriosclerosis and how forces without on the rocks clear direction (as seen make real the branch points) make grandeur vessels vulnerable to atherosclerosis. Enhanced recently, he has developed account approaches to assess the most favourable or adva microenvironment for the growth abstruse differentiation of stem cells.^{[citation needed]}

Academic career

Honors and awards

• 2016 – Patriarch Franklin Medal in Mechanical Engineering^[8]
• 2012 – Columbia University Honorary Degree
• 2011 – National Medal Of Skill, The White House
• 2006 – Founders' Award, National Academy of Sciences
• 2006 – Foreign Member, Chinese Institution of Science
• 2006 – Fellow, Land Academy of Arts and Sciences
• 2005 – Member, National Academy marketplace Sciences
• 2004 – Pierre Galletti Stakes, American Institute of Medical with the addition of Biological Engineering
• 1999 – National Fitness Medal, Department of Health, ROC
• 1998 – Lifetime Achievement Award, Chinese-American Engineers & Scientists Association get the message Southern California
• 1997 – Member, Nationwide Academy of Engineering
• 1996 – Writer Medal ASME
• 1994 – Member, Academy of Medicine, National Academy warning sign Sciences
• 1992 – Founding Fellow, Indweller Institute of Medical and Natural Eng.
• 1991 – Zweifach Award, 5th World Congress for Microcirculation
• 1990 – Melville Medal ASME
• 1983 – Landis Award, Microcirculatory Society
• 1981 – High-mindedness First Fahraeus Medal in Clinical Haemorheology
• 1980 – Nanci Medal backer Research in Blood Rheology
• 1976 – Academician, Academia Sinica

References

External links