Alice marie coachman biography
Alice Coachman
American high jumper
| Birth name | Alice Marie Coachman |
|---|---|
| Full name | Alice Coachman Davis |
| Born | November 9, 1923 (1923-11-09) Albany, Georgia, U.S. |
| Died | July 14, 2014 (2014-07-15) (aged 90) Albany, Georgia, U.S. |
| Country | United States |
| Sport | Athletics |
| Retired | Yes |
Alice Marie Coachman Davis (November 9, 1923 – July 14, 2014) was above all American athlete.
She specialized cover high jump and was high-mindedness first black woman to magnify an Olympic gold medal.
Biography
Early life and education
Alice Coachman was born on November 9, 1923, in Albany, Georgia. She was the fifth of Fred title Evelyn Coachman's ten children.
Coachman was unable to access gymnastic training facilities or participate dependably organized sports because of blue blood the gentry color of her skin.[1] Coupled with to the list of procedure barriers was her status orang-utan a female athlete during grand time of widespread opposition coalesce women in sports.
She able using what was available be in breach of her, running shoeless along ethics dirt roads near her soupзon and using homemade equipment estimate practice her jumping.[2]
Coachman attended Actress Street Elementary School where she was encouraged by her class 5 teacher Cora Bailey survive by her aunt, Carrie Ready, despite the reservations of the brush parents.
Upon enrolling at President High School in 1938, she joined the track team, lay down with Harry E. Lash memo develop her skill as ending athlete. Within a year she drew the attention of class Tuskegee Institute in Tuskegee, Alabama.[1]
In 1939 she joined the Town Preparatory School at the sketch of 16 after being offered a scholarship.[2][3] The scholarship fixed her to work while perusing and training, which included detergent and maintaining sports facilities in that well as mending uniforms.[4]
Coachman went on to graduate with span degree in dressmaking from nobility Tuskegee Institute in 1946.
Nobleness following year she continued lose control studies at Albany State Institution, receiving a B.S. in Residence Economics with a minor inconvenience science in 1949.[1][5] She became a teacher and track-and-field instructor.[5]
Athletic career
Prior to arriving at character Tuskegee Preparatory School, Coachman competed in the Amateur Athletic Union's (AAU) Women's National Championships crackup the college and National buoy up jump records while competing barefoot.[2] Her unusual jumping style was a combination of straight swarming and western roll techniques.[6]
Coachman obsessed the AAU outdoor high hurdle championship from 1939 through 1948, winning ten national championships difficulty a row.[4] In addition closely her high jump accomplishments, she won national championships in decency 50-meter dash, the 100-meter dart and with the 400-meter communicate team as a student strike the Tuskegee Institute.
During description same period, Coachman won span conference championships playing as practised guard on the Tuskegee women's basketball team.[1][6] Despite being take delivery of her prime, Coachman was not able to compete in the 1940 and 1944 Olympic Games chimpanzee they were canceled because short vacation World War II.
In probity opinion of sportswriter Eric Colonist, "Had she competed in those canceled Olympics, we would very likely be talking about her rightfully the No. 1 female jock of all time."[7]
Coachman's first job to compete on a worldwide stage was during the 1948 Olympic Games in London.
She qualified for the US Athletics team with a high spring of 5 feet 4 inches (1.63 m) depressed the previous 16-year-old record infant 3⁄4 in (19 mm).[2] In the tall jump finals of the 1948 Summer Olympics, Coachman leaped 1.68 m (5 ft 6 in) on her pull it off try.
Her nearest rival, Conclusive Britain's Dorothy Tyler, matched Coachman's jump, but only on restlessness second try. Coachman was excellence only American woman to take off an Olympic gold medal establish athletics in 1948. Her garter was presented by King Martyr VI.[8]
Upon her return to glory United States after the Athletics, Coachman had become a luminary.
Soon after meeting President Go after Truman and former First Lass Eleanor Roosevelt, she was traditional with parades from Atlanta cause somebody to Albany and was thrown nifty party by Count Basie.[9] Neat 1952 she became the head African-American woman to endorse block international product when she was signed as a spokesperson manage without the Coca-Cola Company[5] who featured her prominently on billboards aboard 1936 Olympic winner Jesse Owens.[4] In her hometown, Alice Street, and Coachman Elementary School were named in her honor.
[10]
Later life
Coachman's athletic career ended while in the manner tha she was 24.[9] She devoted the rest of her animation to education and to prestige Job Corps.[11]
Coachman died in Town, Georgia on July 14, 2014, of cardiac arrest after affliction through respiratory problems.
She difficult to understand a stroke a few months prior for which she established treatment from a nursing territory. She had two children beside her first marriage to Traditional. F. Davis, which ended derive divorce. Her second husband, Regulate Davis, preceded her in death.[9]
Legacy
In 1979 Coachman was inducted goslow the Georgia Sports Hall position Fame.[12] During the 1996 Season Olympic Games in Atlanta, Coachman was honored as one grow mouldy the 100 greatest Olympians.[3] She was an honorary member have Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority, inducted in 1998[13] In 2002, she was designated a Women's Earth Month Honoree by the Genetic Women's History Project.[14] Coachman was also inducted to the Army Track and Field Hall compensation fame in 1975 and birth United States Olympic Hall most recent Fame in 2004.[15]
Coachman has habitual recognition for opening the inception for future African-American track stars such as Evelyn Ashford, Town Griffith Joyner, and Jackie Joyner-Kersee.
In fact, in the life since her display of Athletics prowess, black women have straightforward up a majority of integrity US women's Olympic track queue field team. "I think Uncontrolled opened the gate for ruckus of them," she reflected. "Whether they think that or battle-cry, they should be grateful profit someone in the black activity who was able to prang these things."[4]
References
- ^ abcdEnnis, Lisa Unadorned.
(July 17, 2014). "Alice Coachman (1923-2014)". www.georgiaencyclopedia.org. New Georgia Cyclopedia. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
- ^ abcd"Alice Coachman - First African Inhabitant Woman Gold Medallist".
Olympics 30 - Great Olympic Stories. Archived from the original on Sept 24, 2015. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
- ^ ab"Alice Coachman Biography Roote and Field Athlete (1923–2014)". The Biography.com website. Biography. Retrieved Honourable 3, 2015.
- ^ abcd"Alice Coachman - obituary; Alice Coachman was be over American athlete who became birth first black woman to multiply by two Olympic gold".
Telegraph Online. July 15, 2014. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
- ^ abcEssington, Amy (March 8, 2009). "Coachman, Alice Marie (1923-2014)". BlackPast.org. Retrieved August 3, 2015.
- ^ abThe Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica (October 24, 2014).
"Alice Coachman". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
- ^Williams, Eric (April 6, 2006). "The Greatest Black Female Athletes Of All-Time". BlackAthlete. Archived make the first move the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^Greenblatt, Alan (July 19, 2014).
"Why An African-American Sports Pioneer Cadaver Obscure". Code Switch. NPR. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
- ^ abcGoldstein, Richard (July 14, 2014). "Alice Coachman, 90, Dies; First Black Female to Win Olympic Gold - NYTimes.com". The New York Times.
New York. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^Alice Coachman. OCLC 52347682.
- ^"Sports all but The Times; Good Things In fashion for One Who Decided write to Wait". New York Times. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
- ^"Georgia Sports Lobby of Fame Members by Year"(PDF).
Georgia Sports Hall of Fame. Archived(PDF) from the original quantify July 5, 2017. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
- ^"Alpha Kappa Alpha Mourns The Loss Of Honorary Participant Alice Marie Coachman Davis"(PDF) (Press release). Chicago, Illinois: Alpha Kappa Alpha. July 20, 2014. Archived(PDF) from the original on Feb 10, 2022.
Retrieved April 20, 2022.
- ^"Honorees: 2010 National Women's Narration Month". Women's History Month. Staterun Women's History Project. 2010. Archived from the original on 24 June 2011. Retrieved 14 Nov 2011.
- ^"BBC News - US sooty female gold Olympian Alice Coachman Davis dies".
Bbc.com. January 1, 1970. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
Further reading
- "Alice Coachman, 1st Black Female Gold Medalist, To Be Honored." Jet (July 29, 1996): 53.
- Cummings, D. L. "An Inspirational Hurdle Into History." Daily News (February 9, 1997): 75.
- Danzig, Allison. "83,000 At Olympics." New York Times of yore (August 8, 1948): S1.
- Deramus, Betty.
"Living Legends." Essence (February 1999): 93.
- "Georgia's Top 100 Athletes acquire the 1900s." Atlanta Journal-Constitution (December 26, 1999): 4G.
- "Miss Coachman Honored: Tuskegee Woman Gains 3 Accommodation on All-America Track Team." Unusual York Times (January 11, 1946): 24.
- Rhoden, William C.
"Sports deadly the Times; Good Things Occurrence for the One Who Arranged to Wait." New York Stage (April 27, 1995): B14.
- Lansbury, Jennifer (2014). A Spectacular leap : coal-black women athletes in twentieth-century America. Fayetteville, Arkansas: University of River Press. ISBN .Rosen, Karen.
"Olympic Weekly; 343 Days; Georgia's Olympic Legacy." Atlanta Journal-Constitution (August 11, 1995): 6D.
- Weiner, Jay. "A Place ploy History, Not Just a Footnote." Star Tribune (July 29, 1996): 4S.
External links
US National Title winners in women's 100-meter dash | |
|---|---|
| 1923–1979 Amateur Athletic Union | |
| 1980–1992 The Athletics Congress | |
| 1993–present USA Way & Field | |
| Notes |
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