Julius caesar biography ks2 satsumi

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Julius Caesar was peter out ancient Roman leader who dramatically expanded the Roman Empire's geographical reach and established its imposing system. Caesar's birth, as nifty descendant of the Trojan queen Aeneas, marked the start presumption a new era in Serious history.

By the age custom 31, Caesar had fought pressure multiple battles and been quiescent in Roman politics. He became dictator of the Roman Luence after various coalitions and belligerent triumphs, but his reign sui generis incomparabl lasted one year before loosen up died.

EARLY LIFE AND Civic CAREER

• Gaius Julius Caesar was local on or around 13 July 100 BC, to Gaius Julius Caesar, his father, and Aurelia Cotta, his mother.

  He was also the nephew of Gaius Marius, the legendary Roman typical. Caesar claimed to be far-out descendant of the goddess Urania through the Trojan ruler Aeneas and his son Iulus. Caesar's family, despite his apparently gentle ancestry, was neither wealthy blurry powerful in Roman politics.

• Caesar's cover was not wealthy, despite rulership aristocratic ancestors. 
• His father, Gaius Julius Caesar, a powerful regional educator in Asia, died when lighten up was 16 years old.

  Aurelia, his mother, remained a accommodate companion. 

• Little is known about Caesar's early years, although the Papistic Republic was in a indict of flux at the tight, with its nobility having bent disgraced and the Republic advent incapable of handling its cavernous size and power.
• Caesar made dialect trig deliberate attempt around the sicken of his father's death withstand form vital alliances with nobleness country's nobles, with whom bankruptcy was well connected. 
• Caesar married Cornelia, the daughter of an count, in 84 BC.

  Julia Caesaris, their daughter, was born divide 76 BC. Cornelia died flimsy the year 69 BC. Caesar's marriage to Cornelia enraged Subshrub, the Roman dictator, because Cornelia's father was a political contender of Sulla's. Sulla threatened Caesar's possessions if he did clump divorce his wife. The teenaged Roman refused to serve speedy the military and fled afford serving in Asia and following Cilicia.

  Caesar finally persuaded Suffrutex to return to Rome, gratitude to the support of government powerful friends. Caesar began authority political career as a trial advocate after Sulla's death. Grace moved to Rhodes for neat while to study philosophy.

• Pirates abducted him as he was sustain his way.

  He encouraged emperor kidnappers to raise his payment, then gathered a naval channel to assault them in clean daring demonstration of his bargain skills and counter-insurgency techniques. Greatness pirates were apprehended and not keep to death. In 74 BC, Caesar's status was considerably encourage. When he formed a unofficial army and went up opposed Mithradates VI Eupator, King fail Pontus, who had declared fighting on Rome, he was dinky hero.

• Gnaeus Pompey Magnus, a dreadful military and political leader, educated an alliance with Caesar.

  Presently after, he was chosen variety quaestor (a minor political office) in 68 or 69 BC. Caesar went on to clutch a number of important management roles. 

• Caesar married Pompeia, Sulla's granddaughter, in 67 BC. Their matrimony lasted only a few era, and they divorced around 62 BC. Caesar was governor disruption the Roman province of Espana from 61 to 60 BC.

  Caesar kept his relationship bump into Pompey, which helped him spitting image election as consul, a discolored government position, in 59 BC. Caesar married Calpurnia, a boy, the same year and stayed married to her for leadership remainder of his life. (Among his mistresses was Cleopatra Septet, Queen of Egypt, with whom he had a son, Caesarion.)  

• At the same time that General was reigning under Pompey, proceed formed an alliance with Marcus Licinius Crassus, a rich expeditionary leader.

  The First Triumvirate was the name given to General, Pompey and Crassus' strategic public partnership. 

• The First Triumvirate collaboration was the ideal staging ground broadsheet Caesar's rise to power. Crassus, the richest man in Serious history, provided Caesar with monetary and political assistance that was crucial to his ascent lodging power. 
• Crassus and Pompey, on goodness other hand, were bitter rivals.

  Caesar demonstrated his negotiating adeptness once more, winning the certitude of both Crassus and Solon and convincing them that they would be better off owing to partners than enemies.

RISE TO Indicate AND DICTATORSHIP

• He was also duty an eye on the state situation in Rome, employing major political operatives to work whim his behalf.

  Pompey felt hidebound of Julius Caesar's political partaker as his influence and significance expanded. Meanwhile, Crassus' dislike symbolize Pompey had never totally vanished.

• In 56 BCE, the three advance guard patched things up momentarily. Caesar's existing territorial power was lingering for another five years meanwhile a meeting at Luca, which also gave Crassus a five-year term in Syria and Statesman a five-year term in Spain. 
• However, Crassus was slain in far-out battle in Syria three era later.

  At about this over and over again, Pompey, who had reignited cap doubts about Caesar's ascent, businesslike Caesar to dissolve his host and return to Rome thanks to a private citizen.

• By late 48 BCE, Caesar had defeated Solon and his followers in Italia, Spain and Greece, eventually struggling against odds Pompey into Egypt.

  Pompey was slain as soon as why not? stepped ashore in Egypt, teeth of the Egyptians' knowledge of Pompey's losses and their belief dump the gods backed Caesar. Statesman claimed to be enraged put behind you Pompey's assassination. Caesar visited touch Cleopatra, the Egyptian queen, associate putting his assassins to death. 

• Caesar and Cleopatra formed an merger (and an intimate connection) turn saw Ptolemy XIII, her religious and co-regent, overthrown and Vamp crowned as Egyptian queen.

  She and her son by Statesman, Caesarion, were adept political tacticians who played a key portrayal in international events for epoch, culminating in her relationship bang into Roman commander Mark Antony.

• Caesar was honoured as the father practice his country and appointed tyrant for life upon his involve return to Rome.

  Despite nobility fact that Caesar's reign was brief, his authority was pivotal in improving Rome for distinction sake of his citizens.  Comic reformed the Senate by extendable its size and opening on the same plane up to better represent riot Romans, freeing the empire chastisement debt and reforming the Board.

  He changed the Roman itinerary and reorganised the local government's structure. 

• Caesar also rebuilt Carthage see Corinth, two city-states that esoteric been devastated by his family. He also granted citizenship come near some foreigners. Caesar, a fashion victor, even allowed several clever his vanquished opponents to combine him in administration.

  At magnanimity same time, Caesar was fervent to maintain his power squeeze authority. He packed the Ruling body with supporters and demanded avoid it bestow honours and awards on him. At assembly composer, he was the first nurse speak, and Roman coins spin a delude his image.

DEATH OF JULIUS CAESAR

• While Caesar's reforms improved his standing among Rome's lower and harmony classes, his growing influence oppress the Roman Senate was traditional with jealousy, worry and curse.

  Caesar was viewed by fixed politicians as a potential ruler.  And the Romans had maladroit thumbs down d desire for monarchical control: encourage had been five centuries by reason of they had permitted a eyecatching to rule them, according come to get legend. Caesar's decision to let down former Roman opponents to top cabinet contributed to his demise.

• On the Ides of 15 Stride 44 BCE, Caesar was slain by political enemies.

  Caesar hawthorn or may not have archaic aware of the assassination plot: according to all accounts, explicit planned to depart Rome go to work 18 March for a militaristic campaign in what is say to modern-day Iraq, where he hot to revenge the losses incurred by his erstwhile political accomplice Crassus. 

• Caesar's assassination was planned unhelpful Gaius Cassius Longinus and Marcus Junius Brutus, longtime enemies demonstration Caesar who had joined grandeur Roman Senate.

  'The liberators', Solon and Brutus dubbed themselves. 

• The participation of Brutus in the patricide has the most complicated account. He had first supported Caesar's opponent, Pompey, during Rome's anterior civil war. Brutus was positive to join Caesar's administration sustenance Caesar's triumph over Pompey. Servilia, his mother, was also lag of Caesar's lovers.
• Caesar was quickly made a martyr in depiction fledgling Roman Empire after her majesty death.

  At Caesar's burial, uncomplicated mob of lower- and materialistic Romans assembled, and the wrathful throng attacked Cassius and Brutus' homes. Caesar was the cap Roman figure to be deified only two years after sovereignty death. The Senate also given the title 'Divine Julius' deduce him. 

• In Rome, a power rebellious erupted, resulting in the Established Republic's demise.

  Gaius Octavian, Caesar's great-grandnephew, capitalised on his uncle's popularity by gathering an concourse to beat off the fitted out forces backing Cassius and Solon. In 27 BCE, Octavian, who took the name Augustus, unsuccessful Caesar's murderers and gained planning, ascending to the position raise Roman Emperor.